Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis Health And Social Care Essay

The chief beget in this cogitation was to mensurate the quality of animateness ( QOL ) among the uncomplainings with symptomatic marijuana cigarette genus degenerative arthritis ( OA ) who go toing political science primary wellness attention clinic. new(prenominal) than that, this vista too would wish to happen prohibited the association amongst socio-demographic and medical position of patients with knee OA and their quality of life.The bailiwick aims should be specific, mensurable, accurate, ripe and seasonableness. In this glance, the aims were mentioned that the QOL is world measured specific totallyy on patients with a plastered type of arthritis. The QOL was measured by utilizing 36SF which had been authorise in old survey ( Kosinski, 1999 ) . The survey was able to carry on from1st September 2003 boulder stiff 30th April 2004. Therefore, this survey aims were suitably defined.3. Theory employThere is no theory been mentioned in the survey. In this survey, the writers whitethorn utilize the quality of life theory. The theory is establish on development towards felicity. In other words is, it is the true be on the construct of human demands. The theory explains that if worlds take more than calling for their ain life, they implement the good qualities into usage they will go free, happy, unchewable and healthy. This is in addition known as Maslow s construct of self-actualization. It plays an of importation affair in modern medical specialty particularly in appreciation the personal development sticking chronic diseases..4. HypothesisIn this survey, thither was no mentioning of each guesswork. However, the void hypothesis that washbowl be suggested is that Patient with marijuana cigarette genus OA go toing governance primary wellness attention clinic has good quality of life in both physical and affable constituent , wheares the switch over hypothesis could be write as Patient with articulatio genus OA go toing authori ties primary wellness attention clinic has hapless quality of life in both physical and mental constituent .5. Research chassisThis correlational design cross-sectional survey which was carried pop out from the 1st September 2003 boulder ashes 30th April 2004. This survey qualifies as correlational because the informations collected provide themselves except to readings about the grade of QOL to which the variables are link up to each other. It would merely commonwealth us that there is a relationship amongst the OA conditions with HRQOT.6. Sampling methodThe try method used was claimed as cosmopolitan sampling, in which all patients with symptoms of articulatio genus OA who attended two different authorities wellness clinics in Hulu Langat, Selangor, Malaysia were interpreted as sample. In position of the little calibrated table survey which merely involved two authorities clinics, the entire patient with OA is besides little. To make a random trying would non be contrib uting in this instance.7. SampleThrough out the octad months of informations aggregation, merely 213 patients with OA were been registered. The inclusion standards that was laid out in which all 50 old ages old and above patients that were sing the outpatient authorities wellness clinic, would be the participants. However, the exclusions standards was besides laid that those who were illiterate, who were otiose to reply the questionnaire, who needed infirmary admittance, and those who needed or those with stationariness or abnormalcy of the level limb. With the inclusion and exclusion standards, the survey managed to hold 151 participants finishing the questionnaire. In this survey, there was no call forthing on how the minimal sample size computation was done. However, for the 1s that were unable to gauge that correlativity, the interrogation workers may be able to utilize a simple comparing of the two proportions as a trial for the fundament of gauging the sample size. Us ing PASS 2000 package, the computation of sample size is- if the proportions of the 2 groups in this survey were expected to be 0.20 and 0.35 ( ? = .05 & A szlig = .20 80 % occasion ) , the minimal sample size of 275 participants is needed ( Delucchi, 2004 ) .8. Technique of informations aggregationTechniques in data-collection take on consistently aggregation of information about objects of survey and the scenes which they occur. In this survey, informations on the medical features and socio-demographic of the participants were recorded but did non mentioned where they were recorded. The SF-36 signifier Malay linguistic colloquy version was either self-administered by the participants or being led personal by an interviewer. Any respondents by household members or friends to the SF-36 signifier were non entertained. It participants unable to understand the questionnaire, the investigate worker would merely re-read the inquiries. The participants would reply the inquiry ha rmonizing to their apprehension. Administering written questionnaire is a less expensive informations aggregation technique and it can concussion down prejudices due to give voicing inquiry otherwise by different respondents. It gives namelessness to the respondents and permits more honorable response. However, inquiries may be misapprehend by the respondents and every bit mentioned in the survey merely the literates were elect as participants.9. Measure/ legal petersIn this survey, SF-36 was used to mensurate the HRQOL. It is a 36-item instrument knowing to measure basic wellness constructs. It is relevant to be used crosswise disease, age and intervention groups. It has been validated and a dependable generic instrument that has been used comprehensively to mensurate HRQOL. The Malay version of SF-36 had been translated and validated. It was used in the Malayan National Quality of Life Survey 2000. It measured eight spheres which consisted of physical operation ( PF ) , role-p hysical ( RP ) , bodily cause to be perceived ( BP ) , general wellness ( GH ) , get-up-and-go/energy ( VT ) , societal operation ( SF ) , function emotional ( RE ) and mental wellness ( MH ) . The tonss on each sphere ranged from 0 ( lower delimitate ) to 100 ( upper limit ) . The higher the tonss, indicates the wellness constituents to be better. Since this instruments has been validated and been used in assorted surveies, it is appropriate to utilize it in this survey.10. FindingssThe survey showed that taken as a whole mean tonss were supra 50.00 in all facets of QOL. There was comparatively lower stone in the spheres related to the physical wellness position as compared to the mental wellness position.The research workers besides run other compendium with the available informations and found thata. a important negative correlativity between PF and ageb. the males had better mark in bulk of the QOL facets, peculiarly in the PFc. patients with no formal argument scored bett er in mental wellness constituent particularly in VT and RE.d. patients with co-morbidities shown to hit less than those without co-morbidity in most of the QOL domains particularly in SF.e. The good continuation of articulatio genus hurting is negatively correlated with all the QOL facets except RE, and it besides showed to be significantly negative correlated with the RP sphere.f. patients with higher BMI scored lower QOL in SF.g. PF tonss was significantly association with age and gender.h. VT and RE tonss were important association with knowledge degrees.Basically, the research workers would wish to reply to the aims that to mensurate the QOL among the patients with diagnostic articulatio genuss OA who go toing authorities primary wellness attention clinic and it showed that the intermediate mark of all the facets of QOL that being studied was above 50.00. Research workers besides had find out some dealingss between the patients with articulatio genus OA , their socio-demogra phic and medical position and their quality of life. However, the associations were non pictured in a table signifier so that the reader would hold a better perceptual experience on the vicarship summary findings.11. DecisionThe decision in this survey answered the aim of the survey indirectly. It should province that the average mark of all the sphere in QOL was above 50.00 and may advert that the patients had comparatively hapless quality of life in the physical wellness constituents but less on the mental wellness. The research workers mentioned two of import forecasters of hapless PF in patient with articulatio genus OA which is female gender and aged age, but did non demo how the forecasters were established. The research workers besides claimed that higher BMI patients suffered more hurting which merely show relationship.12. InterpretationThe reading of informations was non clearly showed in this survey. The statistical analysis method mentioned was appropriate harmonizing t o the variables and the aims. However, it is hard to construe the information when the overall bivariate analysis findings were non shown in the literature. The research workers merely mentioned the important findings.13. RestrictionThis survey was carried out to the patient with articulatio genus OA who attended the authorities wellness clinic. Therefore, it can non be inferred to the general population. This is besides suggested by the research workers that a big graduated table community based survey should be conducted to understand more QOL factors impacting OA patients.The questionnaire was in Malay linguistic conversation merely. This is bias towards other patient in different ethnicity. There should be validated multiple linguistic communications questionnaires to be used in this survey. By utilizing questionnaire as instrument of the survey, it had limited the participants to the literates. It would be appropriate to used mix technique to forgather more various(a) inform ations.14. Ethical considerationIn this survey, there is no mentioning of consent taken from the patients either verbal or written consent. The research workers of this survey may hold asked for consent but non mentioned here. Harmonizing to a codification of ethical rules by the American Psychological Association, for research workers who deals with human topics have to guarantee that research workers obtain informed consent from all topics, guarantee that topics are defend from injury and uncomfortableness, guarantee that all experimental informations are treated confidentially and eventually, the research workers have to explicate the experiment together with the consequences of the survey to the topics.15. Strengths of the Study15.1 correlational designThe study advantage of this design is that it is typically easy to carry on. This is because it gives associations between studied variables and may propose the possibility of cause. If the two variables are causally related, th ey must be correlated. So by demoing correlativity, it can be a utile first measure toward showing causing.15.2 Instrument usedThe SF-36 signifier which was used in this survey had been validated and dependable to mensurate HRQOL in diverse groups. Malaysia with 15 other states had participated in interpreting and accommodating SF-36 signifier to examine HRQOL through the International Quality of Life Assessment Project. Therefore, the findings in the survey can be used to mensurate and compare with surveies done in other states.15.3 The innovator surveyThis is the first published HRQOL survey in patients with diagnostic articulatio genuss OA who attended the authorities wellness clinics done in Malaysia. It can be used as the base of farther surveies spread junket in deepness the QOL in patients with chronic diseases.16. Failing of the Study16.1 Correlational designThe major disadvantage of this design is that it does non give clear input on the extant ground for the associations . It has less control over the variables and the environments and this caused trouble to give alternate accounts. It can non govern out immaterial variables as the causative factors of what is being observed. In this design, when two things are correlated, it does non give chance to straight subtract causing.16.2 Instrument usedAlthough the SF-36 signifier is validated, it is merely in Malay linguistic communication signifier. It had limited the patients that able to take part in this survey.16.3 Unable to withhold findings to the population.The sample size in this survey is unequal for it to be inferred to the population.